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Subject Area

Emergency Medicine

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the role of Magnesium (Mg) sulphate in managing pain associated with renal colic in patients presenting at the ED of Menoufia University Hospital.

Background: Renal colic, typically caused by kidney stones, is characterized by intense pain due to ureteral smooth muscle spasms. Magnesium sulphate has shown promise in alleviating this pain by reducing these spasms.

Methods: This randomized clinical trial included 51 ED patients with renal colic from October 2022 to March 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A received IV non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) plus magnesium sulphate as an adjunct, while Group B received IV magnesium sulphate alone. Patient demographics, medical history, and pain levels using the visual analogue scale (VAS) were recorded at initial assessment, 20, 30, and 45 minutes post-treatment.

Results: The age range of patients was 18–60 years, with no significant differences between groups in age, sex distribution, underlying illnesses, or drug use (p > 0.05). Initial VAS scores and those at 20 minutes showed no significant difference between groups. However, by 30 minutes, both groups showed a significant decrease in VAS scores, with Group A showing a highly significant reduction. Ten patients in Group A and two in Group B reported no pain at 45 minutes. Side effects did not significantly differ between groups.

Conclusion: Magnesium sulphate appears to be a safe adjunct therapy in the ED for managing renal colic pain effectively.

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