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Subject Area

Physiology

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Background Calcium-channel blockage effect of diltiazem and antioxidant effect of quercetin may combat against monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced liver dysfunction in rats. Objective The aim was to study the protective effects of diltiazem and quercetin administration on possible MSG-induced changes of liver functions in adult rats. Methods Fifty adult male Wistar rats were divided into five equal groups: control group (C), MSG-treated group (G), diltiazem and MSG-treated group (DG), quercetin and MSG-treated group (QG), and combined diltiazem, quercetin, and MSG-treated group (DQG). The duration of concomitant administration of treatments was 6 weeks. Then, fasting blood samples were collected to measure serum alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and serum malondialdehyde. Last, antioxidant activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were measured in liver tissue homogenate. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Bcl2 immunohistochemical staining of rat liver was assessed for detection of structural changes and apoptosis, respectively. Results In DG, QG, and DQG groups, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and malondialdehyde in serum were significantly lower (P < 0.001) than G group denoting significant improvement in hepatic parameters and oxidative stress. In addition, these three groups caused significant increase (P < 0.001) in hepatic tissue glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Bcl2 immunohistochemical staining of rat liver of these three groups showed significant decrease in structural damage and apoptosis when compared with G group. Conclusion Diltiazem and quercetin reduce hepatic oxidative stress and tissue damage induced by MSG, and improve liver dysfunctions, with better effect of their combination.

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