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Subject Area

Ophthalmology

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the macula and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in patients with autoimmune thyroid compared with normal individuals using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Background Thyroid eye disease is a complex orbital inflammatory disease that can be sight threatening. The acute progression of the disease is an ocular emergency, particularly optic nerve compression. Patients and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 32 eyes with autoimmune thyroid disease who were diagnosed by the Department of Endocrinology, Menoufia University Hospital, and examined by Ophthalmology Department, Menoufia University Hospital, Egypt, during the period study from March 2020 till October 2021. General and medical history, ophthalmologic examination, thyroid function tests, and optical coherence tomography were employed for all cases and controls to measure RNFL and macular thickness. Results The nasal RNFL thickness was significantly increased among the case group (73.50 ± 8.13) than the control group (61.87 ± 7.98) (P < 0.001). However, superior, inferior, and temporal did not show significant differences between the studied groups (P > 0.05). Moreover, macular thickness parameters such as central, inner, and outer rings were significantly increased among patients with autoimmune thyroid than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Nasal RNFL thickness and macular thickness parameters such as central, inner, and outer rings were significantly increased among patients with autoimmune thyroid disease than the control group. Moreover, macular thickness did not show any significant correlation with T3 and free-T4 among the studied patients. However, macular thickness showed a significantly negative correlation with thyroid-stimulating hormone and a significantly positive correlation with TRAB among the studied patients with autoimmune thyroid disease.

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