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Subject Area

Clinical Pathology

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Background Individual predisposition to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is determined by the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. The fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) is an obesity-susceptibility gene identified to have a huge effect on obesity and DM in different populations. Objectives To investigate the association between FTO gene polymorphisms rs9939609 and rs17817449 and prediction of T2DM in Egyptian obese patients. Patients and methods In this case–control study, PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism was used for investigating allele and genotype frequencies of FTO rs9939609 and rs17817449 in 90 participants divided into two groups: diabetic group and matched control group. Biochemical laboratory investigations including fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, serum insulin, and calculation of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance were done. Results Patients carrying T/A and A/A genotypes and A allele of rs9939609 had an increased risk of T2DM. However, no significant difference in genotypes and allele distribution between diabetic subgroups was detected. Meanwhile, T/G [odds ratio (OR)=8.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23–53.2; P = 0.02] and G/G (OR = 5.73; 95% CI: 1.02–32.1; P = 0.04) genotypes and G allele (OR = 2.42; 95% CI: 1.04–5.63; P = 0.04) of FTO rs17817449 had a higher frequency in diabetic obese than diabetic nonobese patients. Conclusion The FTO gene variant rs17817449 could play a role in the development of insulin resistance and hence the occurrence of T2DM among the Egyptian obese population.

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