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Subject Area

Pathology

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objectives To assess the immunohistochemical expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL1) in tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells of the urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) and correlate it with the available clinicopathological data. Background UBC is the tenth most frequent cancer worldwide and ranks 13th in terms of death ranks. In Egypt, UBC is classified as the third malignancy after breast and colorectal cancers. PDL1 is one of the most important checkpoint molecules that have been studied and become clinically important targets of drug therapy. Patients and methods This retrospective study included 83 UBC cases retrieved from the archives of Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, during the period between September 2017 and September 2020. The slides were subjected to PDL1 immunohistochemical staining using a streptavidin–biotin–peroxidase technique. The relationships between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological parameters were statistically analyzed. Results PD-L1 immunohistochemical reactivity in tumor cells was significantly associated with muscle invasion, high tumor grade, advanced pathological stage and desmoplastic stroma (P < 0.001 for all), presence of nodal metastasis (P = 0.028), and presence of lymphvascular invasion (P = 0.019). PDL1 H score expression in tumor-infiltrating immune cells showed statistical difference in favor of muscle invasion, high tumor grade, and advanced pathological stage (P < 0.001 for all). Conclusion From the previous results, PDL1 expression is associated with parameters of poor prognosis and tumor progression. Thus, PD-L1 inhibitors might have clinical implications as a target of therapy for the management of patients with PDL1-positive UBC.

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