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Subject Area

Endemic and Tropical Medicine

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Background At present, there is really no unique biomarker for detecting diabetes-related vascular complications. As a result, it is critical to investigate specific biomarkers for diagnosing, detecting, and catching the early stages of disease progression. Objectives To analyze the relationship of long noncoding RNA in patients with asymptomatic atherosclerotic diabetic. Patients and methods This case–control study included 312 participants recruited from Menoufia University Hospitals' Internal Medicine Outpatient Clinics and Inpatient Departments and divided into two groups: group I was the diabetic with subclinical atherosclerosis group, which included 176 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, with the carotid intima-media thickness assessed according to carotid intima-media thickness reference intervals, and group II included 176 apparently healthy individuals. All participants in the study underwent the following procedures: history taking; clinical examination; and laboratory examinations, including fasting and 2-h postprandial blood glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin, total lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and determination of gene expressions of long noncoding RNAs (SENCR) by real-time PCR. Carotid intima-media thickness was measured using duplex ultrasound (carotid intima-media thickness). Results In comparison with controls, there was a significant statistical increase in the expression levels of SENCR in the patient group's peripheral blood (P = 0.001). When the area under the curve (receiver operating characteristic) for the long noncoding SENCR gene was calculated, the area under the curve was 0.89, indicating an association between SENCR and atherosclerosis. At a cutoff point 1.68, the sensitivity was 92.5%, specificity was 92.8%, and accuracy was 92.7%. Conclusion Our results show an association between SENCR and atherosclerosis. Long noncoding SENCR expression levels could be used as a predictor for the detection of complications of diabetes mellitus (atherosclerosis).

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