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Subject Area

Dermatology

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objectives The current study aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) in nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) [squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC)] and correlate its expression with the clinical and histopathological data. Background NMSC shows different behavior, growth, and metastasis; however, both BCC and SCC have a good prognosis if detected at their initial stages. BCC has lower mortality rate than SCC, which accounts for about 75% of deaths owing to NMSC. Patients and methods This study was conducted on 30 patients with NMSC and 30 age-matched and sex-matched healthy volunteers as a control group. Cases were selected from the dermatology outpatient clinic at Menoufia University Hospital. The histopathology and the immunohistochemical study were done at the Pathology Department of Menoufia University Hospital. Result NRF2 protein was definitely expressed in normal skin tissues. NRF2 expression in tumor islands was higher in BCC cases compared with SCC. NRF2 was detected in tumor islands in 50% of SCC cases and detected in 100% of BCC cases. NRF2 was expressed in 80% of normal skin biopsies. Conclusion NRF2 is expressed in NMSC cases. Antioxidant defense by NRF2 that can cope with excessive reactive oxygen species formation in human body may be useful to prevent reactive oxygen species-mediated neoplastic transformation of various tissues including the skin.

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