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Subject Area

Otorhinolaryngology

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objectives The aim was to assess the vestibulo-ocular and oculomotor functions in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients using video head impulse test (vHIT) and videonystagmography (VNG). Background Vestibular symptoms are common symptoms of MS. Patients and methods This study is a case–control study. Participants included in this study were divided into two groups: 30 normal participants not complaining of any vestibular symptoms and 30 MS patients diagnosed according to the McDonald criteria 2017. Vestibular assessment using vHIT and VNG was done to both groups. Results VNG abnormalities were reported in 53.3% of MS patients, the abnormalities were reported in the saccade, pursuit, optokinetic, gaze, and positional tests. Half of MS patients (15) (50%) had abnormal low vHIT gain. There was a significant statistical difference between cases and controls as regards anterior and posterior canal gain. Abnormal low gain in vHIT was reported in 16.7% in lateral SCC, 20% in posterior SCC, and 26.7% in the anterior canal. There was a significant statistical relationship between abnormal gain in vHIT and vestibular symptoms (P = 0.001 and 0.020 for imbalance and vertigo, respectively). There was a statistically significant relationship between brainstem lesions and vHIT gain of lateral and posterior canals (P = 0.006 and 0.002 for lateral and posterior canals, respectively). Conclusion The vestibular system may be affected in MS patients, 67% of patients had vestibular symptoms. Abnormal low gain of the vestibule–ocular reflex was reported in half of MS patients. There was a significant association between vHIT gain abnormalities and brainstem lesions.

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