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Subject Area

Internal Medicine

Article Type

Review

Abstract

Objectives The aim was to discuss hemophagocytic syndrome, its clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and immunological perspectives of its pathogenesis. Data sources By searching and reviewing Midline databases (PubMed and MedScape) and all MPs and their role in hemophagocytic syndrome till 2021. Study selection All studies were independently assessed for inclusion. The studies were included if they fulfilled the following criteria: (a) published in English language, (b) published in peer-reviewed journal, and (c) discuss the immunological perspectives of hemophagocytic syndrome. Data extraction If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, illegibility criteria specified, and adequate information and defined assessment measures provided. Data synthesis Comparisons were made by a structured review with the results tabulated. Findings Hemophagocytic syndrome is a life-threatening condition that can occur a primary malignancy or secondary to cancer, autoimmune disease, or infection. Diagnosis is based on lymphocytes and macrophage infiltration of the bone marrow. Conclusion Hemophagocytic syndrome is an uncommon hematological disease and life-threatening illness of serious hyperinflammation. Prompt diagnosis is important for good management of these patients.

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