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Subject Area

Dermatology

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objective To study serum squamous-cell carcinoma antigen 2 (SCCA2) in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients compared with controls and question its possible relation to disease severity. Background AD is a very common chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense itching, skin dryness among other features with characteristic exacerbations and remissions with unfavorable response to treatment in many cases. Methods In total, 60 patients were enrolled in this study and divided into two groups: group A: 30 AD patients, group B: 30 healthy controls. AD patients were diagnosed with AD by a dermatologist. Diagnosis of AD was based on the criteria of Hanifin Rajka. The severity of skin eruption was determined as mild, moderate, and severe according to Eczema Area Scoring Index (EASI) score. All patients were subjected to full history taking and clinical examination. Laboratory investigation: tested for serum level of SCCA2, double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunesorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect serum level of SCCA2 utilizing commercial Human (SCCA2) ELISA Kits for research use only. Results SCCA-2 level was statistically significantly higher in AD patients compared with controls (P < 0.001). There was a highly positive significant correlation between SCCA-2 level with EASI in AD patients (P < 0.001). SCCA-2 was found to be statistically significantly higher in severe patients compared with moderate and mild patients (P < 0.001). Conclusions SCCA-2 has a strong link to the pathogenesis of AD. It was found to be closely related to the disease severity.

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