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Subject Area

Radiology and Imaging Sciences

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objective The aim was to evaluate the role of myxovirus resistant protein 1 (MxA) in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). Background CSCC is the second most common skin cancer. MxA has the potential importance in tumorigenesis and metastasis as well as in the treatment and prognosis of different cancers such as CSCC. However, the clear association between MxA expression and cancer remains unknown. Patients and methods This prospective and retrospective case-controlled study was conducted on 48 cases with CSCC and 43 age- and sex-matched apparently healthy participants. All sections were immunohistochemically stained for MxA antibody. Results Significant differences between control and CSCC groups regarding MxA positivity in both tumor and stroma were identified. All CSCC cases were positive in tumor and stroma, whereas 44.2% of control cases showed positivity (P < 0.001 for both). Overexpression of MxA in tumor was significantly associated with high grade and advanced stage (P = 0.02 and 0.03, respectively). Overexpression of MxA in stroma was significantly associated with low grade and early stage (P = 0.02 and 0.02, respectively). Conclusion The role of MxA is complex and controversial in tumor and stroma of CSCC. Tumor MxA expression is responsible for tumor progression, whereas stromal expression is responsible for regression.

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