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Subject Area

Family Medicine

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the glutathione S-transferase genetic variants (GSTM1 and GSTT1) in pregnant mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the degree of glycemic control. Background Previous research has declared that GDM affects both the mother and the baby during pregnancy and in the long term. Patients and methods To reach the goal of this research, a case–control study was designed. A total of 80 pregnant women were divided into two groups: (a) patients group (40 patients had GDM during the third trimester of pregnancy) and (b) control group (40 apparently healthy pregnant women). All participants were subjected to detailed history taking, complete general examination of all body systems, laboratory investigations, and molecular genetic study. Results We found that there was a statistically significant difference in GSTT1-0 null genotype rates between mothers with GDM and controls (P = 0.04). However, there was no difference in the frequencies of GSTM1 null genotypes between mothers with GDM and controls (P = 0.112). GSTM1 was more prevalent in infants of diabetic mothers (IDM), with a significantly difference between IDM and controls regarding GSTM1 null genotypes (P = 0.04). This difference was positively associated with higher levels of respiratory rates above normal limits and low 1 min APGAR score. Conclusion Our study reveals that GSTM1-0 null genotype in IDM was positively correlated with the unfavorable presentation among affected newborns who are carriers of this polymorphism.

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