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Subject Area

Rheumatology and Rehabilitation

Article Type

Review

Abstract

Objective To review the updated management protocols of common situations in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Data sources A systematic search of MEDLINE (PubMed, Medscape, ScienceDirect, EMF-Portal) and Internet was conducted on all articles published from 2000 to 2018. Study selection English-language reports of the updated management protocols of common situations in the NICU. The initial search presented 160 articles where 23 had inclusion criteria. Data extraction Articles not reporting on updated management protocols of common situations in the NICU in the title or abstract were not included. Fifteen independent investigators extracted data on the methods. Data synthesis Comparisons were made by a structured review with the results tabulated. Seven authors emphasized on the new approaches for managing neonatal hypoglycemia, 16 about the management of neonatal hyperthermia, seizures, and transport. Findings Dextrose gel is safe and has the potential to decrease health-care costs and other risks related to the treatment of hypoglycemia. Antiepileptic drugs are then administered according to clinical preference, independent of the seizure cause. It should only be initiated once seizure activity is confirmed, due to a lack of evidence for any positive outcomes if they are administered in the absence of seizures. As a mobile ICU, transport vehicles, equipment, and supplies must reflect the needs of the patient population. Conclusion Further phrasing of guidelines to cover all aspects of neonatal care in the NICU, following the application of the set protocols in the practical field. Detecting improvement or deterioration of the outcome after applying these protocols to have an 'evidence-based' judgment over these selected guidelines.

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