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Subject Area

Physical Medicine

Article Type

Review

Abstract

Objectives The aim of this review is to preview recent advances in clinical applications of stem cell therapy in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Data sources PubMed and OVID Library were searched. There was no restriction on the publication year. Articles in English language only were reviewed. Clinicaltrials.gov was searched also to find ongoing and unpublished trials. Study selection Studies that included adult DCM patients injected with any type of stem cells were selected. Data extraction: in this review, data from published studies were manually extracted and summarized. Data synthesis In this review, the data revealed that stem cell therapy can change the course of the disease through improving Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF), New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, exercise tolerance, and quality of life of the patients. Findings The results of clinical trials in this field are encouraging, so DCM may be a more attractive target for stem cell therapy than chronic ischemic heart failure, where studies up till now failed to demonstrate a standardized result of treatment with stem cells on myocardial performance. Conclusion Stem cells have been considered in the treatment of DCM to improve myocardial performance, functional capacity, and neurohumoral activation; this may pave the way for more prevalent clinical use in DCM treatment. Future stem cell methods ought to aim for additional individual therapeutic approach by establishing the optimum stem cell type or their combination, dose, and delivery technique for each patient adjusted for the patient's age and stage of the disease.

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