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Subject Area

Clinical Pathology

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objective The objective of this study was to study the serum level of p53 before, during, and after phototherapy in full-term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia and to confirm that p53 is an apoptotic marker related to phototherapy. Background Jaundice is a serious condition that can lead to death or lifelong neurological sequela in newborns, so it requires medical attention. Phototherapy is the standard treatment for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia; however, it led to potential side effects such as retinal degeneration, diarrhea, dehydration, and skin rash. Experimental studies demonstrated that phototherapy increased apoptosis in lymphoma cell line and neonatal small intestine cells. p53 is a tumor-suppressor protein that regulates the cell cycle preserving stability by preventing genome mutation. Patients and methods This study was conducted at the Clinical Pathology and Pediatric Departments of Menoufia University Hospitals from June 2017 to December 2018 on 22 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia necessitating phototherapy, 11 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia not necessitating phototherapy, and 11 apparently healthy normal neonates They have undergone full history, clinical examination, hemoglobin, reticulocyte count, Coombs test, and blood and Rh grouping. Quantification of p53 was done by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Serum p53 level was highly significant (P < 0.001) in patients with hyperbilirubinemia necessitating phototherapy at the peak of phototherapy compared with other groups. Conclusion Serum p53 level was raised in neonates who become exposed to phototherapy and it may be used as a marker of apoptosis.

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