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Subject Area

Obstetrics and Gynecology

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objective To estimate the cord blood leptin level in different patterns of birth weight. Background Birth weight is a strong predictor of both neonatal mortality and morbidity. Umbilical cord blood leptin has been consistently shown to be positively associated with birth weight. It has been widely accepted as a marker of neonatal adiposity. Patients and methods A case–control study was conducted on 60 neonates who were divided into 20 small for gestational age (SGA), 20 appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and 20 large for gestational age (LGA). All neonates were recruited from the gynecology and obstetrics department at Menoufia University Hospital and Shebin El-Kom Teaching Hospital, Egypt, during 1 June till 25 November 2018. Full history, physical examination, and cord leptin level were examined in all neonates. Results Most patients of SGA group were males (60%), whereas females were the most frequent in AGA (60%) and LGA (80%) groups. LGA had significantly higher cord leptin (53.58 ± 19.75 ng/ml) than AGA (20.99 ± 12.8 ng/ml) and SGA (5.77 ± 8.27 ng/ml) groups (P < 0.005). It was significantly higher in AGA group than SGA group (P = 0.014). Cord leptin was significantly positive correlated with birth weight in SGA (P < 0.01) and AGA groups (P = 0.013) and BMI in SGA group only (P = 0.026). Conclusion Umbilical cord leptin level was significantly higher in LGA and AGA groups than SGA group. Umbilical cord leptin level was positively correlated with birth weight in SGA, AGA, and LGA groups. However, it was not correlated with sex of neonates in all studied groups.

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