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Subject Area

Internal Medicine

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety between insulin and metformin in the management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Background GDM is a common complication of pregnancy. Blood glucose control improves perinatal outcomes. Medical nutrition therapy is the milestone management. Patients and methods In a prospective randomized comparative study, 240 antenatal women whose pregnancies had been complicated by GDM and did not respond to diet alone were recruited from antenatal clinics at the Obstetrics Department in Menofia University Hospitals and Shebin El-Kom Teaching Hospital from November 2016 to March 2018. They were divided randomly into two groups; 120 patients in each group were subjected to either insulin or metformin medications. Outcomes were comparing the effects of medications on maternal glycemic control, maternal complications and neonatal outcome. Results There was no significant difference in controlling high blood sugar in GDM with the use of insulin or metformin. Maternal complications in both groups had no significant difference, and fetal outcomes were as well similar. Conclusion Glycemic control in GDM can be achieved by using metformin orally without increasing the risk for maternal complications with a satisfying neonatal outcome.

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