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Subject Area

Ophthalmology

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objective This work aimed to study the effect of umbilical cord entanglement on the mode of delivery. In addition, this study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of ultrasound with Doppler for the detection of nuchal entanglement of the umbilical cord. Background The umbilical cord is a narrow tube-like structure that connects the developing baby to the placenta. Most of the nuchal cords diagnosed in early pregnancy become spontaneously uncoiled. Materials and methods This cohort study included 300 pregnant laboring women with singleton pregnancies more than 37 weeks. This study was carried out from January 2016 to February 2017 in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of El Moniera General Hospital, Cairo. A transabdominal ultrasound scan was performed using gray-scale and color Doppler imaging immediately to screen for any cord loops around the fetal neck or around the trunk. Cases were classified into either no cord entanglement or cord entanglement groups. Pregnancy outcomes were compared among these groups. Results No cord and cord entanglement groups included 226 and 74 pregnancies, respectively. The mode of delivery was not significantly different among the study groups (P = 0.231). However, the mean of 1 min Apgar scores was significantly lower in the umbilical cord entanglement group than in the 'no cord' group (P = 0.001). Both the sensitivity and the specificity of ultrasound with color Doppler were 95 and 99%, respectively. Conclusion There was no effect of umbilical cord entanglement on the mode of delivery. Ultrasound with Doppler is sensitive for the detection of nuchal entanglement of the umbilical cord.

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