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Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Background Diabetic nephropathy affects ~40% of patients with type I diabetes mellitus. Once fully developed, it carries a poor prognosis, where relative mortality is almost 40–100 times that of nondiabetics. Evaluation of vascular resistivity at multiple points of renal parenchyma may suggest structural or functional changes within the kidneys and can provide useful diagnostic and prognostic information. Objective The aim of this study was to detect possible changes of renal blood flow and vascular indices in children and adolescents with type I diabetes mellitus, using duplex ultrasonography, and to correlate these changes with clinical and laboratory parameters results. Participants and methods Twenty-five type I diabetic child and adolescent and 25 nondiabetic child and adolescent (control) were included in the study. After ethics committee approval and obtaining patient consent, the study included 13 females and 12 males in each group, with mean age of 10.3 years ± 4.31 SD in both groups. All patients are subjected to: full history, fasting blood sugar analysis, creatinine level, HBA1C, microalbuminuria, and albumin/creatinine ratio. Renal Doppler ultrasound for each case was done. Results Statistically significant differences were detected between diabetic and control cases regarding resistive index of main renal, segmental, and interlobar arteries. The results were compared against serum creatinine, albumin/creatinine ratio, and glycated hemoglobin. Conclusion Our study showed some differences in the resistive index of main renal, segmental, and interlobar arteries between children with type I diabetes and age-matched healthy controls. Moreover, there is a significant positive correlation between the resistive index of these arteries and duration of diabetes, albumin/creatinine ratio (mg/mmol), and serum creatinine level (mg/dl).

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