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Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objectives The present study aimed (a) to determine the prevalence and risk factors of surgical site infections (SSIs) at Menoufia University Hospitals; (b) to determine bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns frequently causing SSIs; (c) to determine the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria; and (d) to assess infection control practices related to surgeries. Background SSI is the most surveyed and frequent type of healthcare-associated infection. A high prevalence of MDR strains has been observed in patients with SSIs. Patients and methods This study involved 148 patients who were admitted and chosen randomly from the General Surgery and Orthopedics Departments of Menoufia University Hospitals. Isolated organisms and antimicrobial susceptibility were identified. Detection of and phenotypic confirmation of MDR strains were carried out according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Correlation between compliance rate of the surgical team to infection control measures in operating theater and SSI rate was determined. Results Prevalence of SSI was found to be 67.6%. The most common type of operative wounds were contaminated wounds and the most common wound infections were superficial wounds. The most frequently isolated species was Staphylococcus aureus (27.4%). Methicillin resistance was detected in S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci by 88.3 and 62.5%, respectively. Extended spectrum β-lactamases were detected in 65.1% of Enterobacteriaceae isolates and metallo-β-lactamases in 73% of Gram-negative isolates. MDR isolates were detected in 37.2%. Furthermore, a reverse correlation between compliance rate and infection rate was detected. Conclusion In our study, there was a high prevalence of SSI and great problem of MDR bacteria with reflected difficulty in managing SSIs. Focused efforts should be directed to support infection control strategies.

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