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Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objectives To study the association between the diagnostic markers of celiac, thyroid diseases, and Helicobacter pylori infection with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and the effect of these diseases on glycemic control. Background T1DM is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia because of defects in insulin secretion or action or both, and results from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreas. It is commonly associated with autoimmune diseases such as celiac and thyroid diseases. There is a higher prevalence of H. pylori infections in T1DM. Patients and methods This study included 60 patients who presented with T1DM ranging in age from 1 to 16 years, of both sexes, with different disease durations. Children with secondary diabetes, congenital anomalies in any part of the body, or other autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, nephrotic syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis) were excluded. The patients were compared with 32 normal children of the same age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Comparisons were made by structured reviews and the results were tabulated. Results The frequency of celiac disease at the diagnosis of T1DM is 0, the frequency of thyroid disease at diagnosis of T1DM is 5%, and the frequency of H. pylori infection in diabetic patients is 56.7%; however, in the control group, the frequencies were 15.6%. There is a significant relation between the frequency of H. pylori infection and increased duration of T1DM. Conclusion Screening for celiac disease, thyroid disease, and H. pylori infections at diagnosis of T1DM is important, and rescreening at regular intervals is important for the negative cases.

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