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Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) findings in cases of geographic atrophy owing to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Background Old patients who have dry-type AMD were included. Patients and methods This study was conducted on 30 eyes to assess OCT and FAF findings in cases of geographic atrophy owing to AMD. Results The study proved through OCT findings that retinal pigment epithelium atrophy was present in all patients (100%). Drusen were present in 28 patients (93.3%). Back scatter was present in all patients (100%). Retinal anatomy alteration was present in all patients (100%). Posterior vitreous detachment was present in nine patients (30%). FAF findings were the margins of geographic atrophy. There was one eye with no areas of increased FAF (3.3%), 18 eyes were diffuse (60%), eight eyes were banded (26.7%), three eyes were focal (10%), and patchy type was not found (0%). In the current study, 14 (46.7%) had well-defined edges, whereas 16 eyes (53.3%) had ill-defined edges. Moreover, 15 eyes (50%) were found to have unifocal decreased FAF, whereas15 eyes (50%) were found to have multifocal decreased FAF. In addition, 12 eyes (40%) had irregular shape, whereas 11 eyes (36.7%) had circular shape and seven eyes (23.3%) had oval shape. In the current study, the size of areas of decreased FAF was compared with the optic disc diameter of the same affected eye, and this area ranged from 0.5 to 4 disc diameters, with a median of 2.31 ± 0.96 disc diameters. Conclusion OCT and FAF are complementary in identifying, examining, and managing geographic atrophy owing to AMD. The advantages of OCT over FAF are that it allows quantitative and qualitative analysis of geographic atrophy lesions, allowing better structural identification of the lesion.

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