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Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this work is to assess the prevalence rate, etiology, and risk factors for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in Assiut governorate, Egypt, during the year 2014. Background: ESRD is one of the main health problems in Assiut governorate. Currently, hemodialysis represents the main mode of treatment of ESRD in Assiut governorate, Egypt. The epidemiology of ESRD in Assiut has never been examined before 2014. Assiut is located in upper Egypt. The total area of Assiut is 13 720 km2, and the province has a population of 4 263 719 million individuals. Patients and methods: Patients with ESRD from the entire Assiut governorate were interviewed and questionnaires were filled out by the investigators. The questionnaire included personal and sociodemographic data, history of relevant diseases, dialysis frequency, investigations performed, and other data investigating the causes. Results: All patients (n= 1559) with chronic renal failure surviving on renal replacement therapy, definitely those on hemodialysis in Assiut governorate during 2014, were distributed in 14 units of hemodialysis across all 10 Assiut districts. These units were governmental. Only 1109 (71%) patients in 13 hemodialysis units agreed to participate in this study (729 men, 65.7%) and 380 (34.3%) women. The prevalence of ESRD in Assiut governorate is 366 per million populations (pmp) of the population. The etiology of ESRD was unknown in 25% of cases, whereas hypertension was responsible in 21.4% of cases, obstructive uropathy in 11% of cases, chronic glomerulonephritis in 8% of cases, analgesic nephropathy in 3% of cases, chronic pyelonephritis in 8.9% of cases, diabetic nephropathy in 14.9% of cases, toxemia of pregnancy in 2% of cases, and polycystic kidney disease in 0.7% of cases. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of ESRD in Assiut governorate during the year 2014 was 366 pmp. Unknown etiology and hypertension are the major known causes of ESRD. A unifying system of an electronic data registry should be established in each governorate to constitute the national Egyptian data registry.

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