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Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objective To study whether the heat shock protein 70-1 (HSP70-1) gene polymorphism affects susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Background Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones synthesized under stressful conditions and are involved in renal cell survival and matrix remodeling in acute and chronic renal diseases. Patients and methods This study was carried out on 80 patients divided into three groups: 30 patients with T2DM with DN (group I), 30 T2DM patients without DN (group II), with duration of diabetes more than 10 years in both patient groups, and 20 healthy individuals who served as controls (group III). All studied participants were subjected to a full assessment of history, general clinical examination, and laboratory investigations including determination of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c), serum urea, serum creatinine, and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio. The HSP70-1 gene polymorphism -110 A/C was determined using the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Results The results of the present study showed a highly significant statistical difference between group I and group II in family history, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and duration of diabetes. Significant differences were observed for the -110 A/C genotype distribution on comparing the three studied groups, with increased frequency of the CC genotype in diabetic patients with DN, increased frequency of the AC genotype in diabetic patients without DN, and increased AA genotype frequency in the controls. CC genotypes of -110 A/C might represent a genetic risk factor for DN on comparing group I with group III. Conclusion This result indicates that HSP70-1 CC genotypes of -110 A/C are highly associated with renal complications in patients with T2DM and can be a useful marker in identifying patients with an increased risk of DN.

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