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Subject Area

Ophthalmology

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the level of S-100B protein as a biological marker and to assess its sensitivity in the detection and prediction of outcome of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients compared with radiological and clinical scores. Background TBI has a tremendous impact on public health. S-100B protein increases in cases of TBI and does not increase in nonbrain injuries. S-100B has been found to correlate with the severity of head injury. Patients and methods The study was a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Forty critical patients were divided into two groups; group I had 20 patients with TBI and group II had 20 patients with head-free trauma. Group I had a sampling of serum S-100B at day 1, 3, 5, and at discharge, and the results were correlated with computed tomography brain findings, Glasgow Coma Scale, and outcome. Group II had a sampling of serum S-100B at day 1, and the result was correlated with the results of group I. Results Significant difference between the results of S-100B in group I and group II was detected (P < 0.001), with higher results of S-100B in TBI patients. Significant difference between the results of S-100B in survival and nonsurvival for patients in group I was detected (P = 0.002), with higher results of S-100B in nonsurvival patients. Significant correlation between the results of S-100B and Glasgow Coma Scale in group I was detected (P = 0.002). Conclusion S-100B is a prognostic marker in TBI, specific to TBI, and not correlated to the findings in computed tomography brain.

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